Meeting 2 Review

Basic concepts of communication and communication technology

 

The Definition of Communication

According to Cherry in the book Prof. Dr. H. Hafied Cangaa, M.Sc. Communication Terms

based on the Latin word Communis which means to make unity or build unity with each other.

The Definition of Communication Technology

Communication technology is hardware in a society which allows us to get and give information to others. Furthermore the application of communication technology developed into telecommunications. Telecommunications is relationships from a distance without recognizing distance limitations. Communication is a process of giving and getting useful information from communicator to communicant.

Schramm conveyed the notion of communication into three main points as follows.

a)    Encoder (encode) is a communicator who has information or the message is presented in the form of a code or password, such as: writing, language verbal, verbal symbols and visual symbols.

b)    Signal (Sign), which is in the form of a message, news or a particular statement that given and received by someone. Ordinary this message can be sign language, facial expressions, word, picture, photo and any visual media.

c)    Decoder, i.e. the communicant who received the information or the recipient's message that must be understood and understandable the meaning of the message be delivered. Communication as a process can be divided into two kinds, namely primary processes and secondary processes. The primary process is a process direct communication without the presence of media intermediaries. While the secondary process takes place with an intermediary media that can overcome various problem such as distance and time. This communication process can be via telephone, cellphone, radio, and satellite.

 

Application of Information Technology

1.     The process of applying communication technology

 

The process of implementing communication technology refers to the model innovation in the book "Communication Technology", The New Media in Society introduced by Everett M. Rogers.

 

There are 2 stages in the process of applying communication technology, that is:

A.   Stages of initiation, efforts to gather information about technology communication, understanding and plan it to claim the information.

 

 

There are two levels, that is:

1)    Agenda-Setting Level, namely the emergence of ideas forgets communication technology to complete existing information problems.

2)    Level Matching, which is matching communication technology needed and the ability to get it.

If the value of these two levels of initiation is positive, there is a sense of having the desired communication technology.

B.    Stages of implementation, all activities carried out for use the desired communication technology.

There are three levels, That is:

1.    The level of redefining, organizing, arranging and modifying structures organization (for an institution) or community mindset for the desired communication technology needs.

2.    The level of clarifying, convincing all people or themselves about the history of technology communication, so that it is no longer something foreign.

3.    The level of routinizing, communication technology can already be known clearly and become part of life in society or as a complement for individual life.

 

2.     Perspectives on the Application of Communication Technology.

 

A communication technology user society views application communication technology as:

1.    Management system is an effort / effort to optimize results of an organizational system, change for society.

2.    Bureaucratic process is an attempt to change a policy institution, based on people's perception. And changes are determined by the recipient of the information.

3.    Organizational development is an effort to fulfill desires / individual and community expectations that arise / arise as a result encouragement from the information they get.

4.    The bargaining process, is the result of the bargaining process will eventually result in an agreement.

Perspectives on the application of communication technology are:

§  Techno-centric, the creation of a change and is considered a factor the dominant one that focuses on the capacity and availability of technology.

§  Sociocentric, focused on the social situation in a community. Examples: social issues and social change in society.

§  Conflict, focused on problems arising from the flow of information and the decision making process. for example: for resolving a conflict requires resolution by political and negotiation.

§  System design, starting from technology, social, culture and politics, known as the "System Life Cycle".

 

3.     Communication Technology Performers

In a series of sources, the delivery and reception of information is several parties involved and are interdependent with each other, there is:

1.    User

2.    Telecommunication provider

3.    Communication equipment manufacturer

4.    institution that regulates / coordinates all communication activities of economic and technical aspects in holding regulations, standards, prices benchmark, etc.

Note:

§  User : Increasingly over time

The Definition of Information

Information is the amount of data that has been processed through data processing so that it becomes a message and can change the mindset of someone who receives the information.

There are three important things that must be considered from the information, there is:

1.    Information is the result of data processing

2.    Has meaning

3.    Beneficial for many people